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Appendix A: Veteran and claims statistics

Veteran statistics

Total clients by age group and location

Table A1: Total DVA clients by age group and state as at 30 June 2020

NSW

Vic

Qld

SA

WA

Tas

NT

ACT

Overseas

Total

Under 18

549

281

1,094

128

229

64

17

48

17

2,427

19-24

2,400

1,417

3,513

792

613

137

681

935

12

10,500

25-29

3,768

1,527

5,081

1,026

998

209

887

612

35

14,143

30-34

4,459

2,020

5,528

1,129

1,336

241

718

919

73

16,423

35-39

4,064

2,030

5,295

1,020

1,578

374

591

856

121

15,929

40-44

3,547

1,967

4,847

930

1,363

398

426

893

125

14,496

45-49

4,156

2,234

5,672

1,079

1,759

462

443

984

164

16,953

50-54

4,208

2,465

5,894

1,171

2,018

491

436

1,056

180

17,919

55-59

4,465

2,816

6,017

1,354

1,854

596

324

1,039

176

18,641

60-64

4,554

3,120

6,279

1,484

2,128

573

209

787

156

19,290

65-69

7,851

5,168

9,211

2,634

2,979

965

193

760

163

29,924

70-74

13,484

9,500

14,948

4,384

5,473

1,598

265

1,085

330

51,067

75-79

6,625

4,081

7,442

1,781

2,620

703

133

674

178

24,237

80-84

5,132

2,929

4,920

1,131

1,972

473

49

492

132

17,230

85-89

5,715

3,564

4,063

1,311

1,785

563

43

413

109

17,566

90 or over

13,962

9,970

8,154

3,792

3,708

1,090

44

560

222

41,502

Total

88,950

55,109

97,965

25,152

32,424

8,939

5,461

12,116

2,194

328,3101

Note: The total number of DVA clients includes any person in receipt of a pension/allowance from DVA or eligible for treatment or pharmaceuticals paid for by DVA. Clients of unknown age are included in the total but not reported separately.

1 Some clients are both veterans and dependants, therefore the total number of clients supported does not equal the total number of veterans plus the total number of dependants.

Number of living veterans

Table A2: Estimated number of surviving veterans 2015-16 to 2019-20

At 30 June 2016

At 30 June 2017

At 30 June 2018

At 30 June 2019

At 30 June 2020

Second World War1

31,700

25,000

19,300

14,600

10,800

Korean War, Malayan Emergency and FESR2

11,700

11,000

10,300

9,600

8,900

Vietnam War3

43,400

42,500

41,500

40,400

39,300

Other pre-1972 conflicts

5,400

5,000

4,700

4,400

4,000

Cambodia, Gulf War, Namibia, Somalia, Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Bougainville

10,400

10,300

10,300

10,200

10,100

Post-1999 conflicts4

58,400

58,300

58,200

58,100

57,900

Peacetime Defence Force5

149,000

147,400

145,800

144,000

142,100

Total service with VEA eligibility6

308,600

298,200

288,700

280,000

272,000

Full-time Service post 1945 not included in VEA total7

254,800

253,900

252,500

250,700

248,400

Reservists8

97,700

98,900

100,000

101,100

102,100

Total Australian service9

661,100

651,000

641,300

631,800

622,500

FESR = Far East Strategic Reserve; VEA = Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986

1 Based on nominal roll data.

2 Where the veteran has service in more than one conflict, they are recorded by most recent conflict.

3 Based on nominal roll data.

4 Includes East Timor, Solomon Islands, Afghanistan and Iraq. This category previously included Bougainville, which is now included in the preceding category. Figures are based on June 2014 Department of Defence (Defence) data.

5 Based on Australian Defence Force (ADF) data; those with three or more years of service from 1972 to 1994. Those with peacetime service after 1994 are not included.

6 Total includes those potentially eligible for a service pension and/or disability pension. Components will not add exactly to total due to rounding and overlaps.

7 A research project was initiated to estimate all living persons with post-1945 full-time service in the ADF. By necessity, input data was obtained from different sources:

  • Age profile at recruitment is graphically estimated from Early Separation in the Australian Defence Force Figure 4.1, Distribution of Ab Initio Enlistment Ages, page 39.
  • National service recruitment data is sourced from the Defence discussion paper National service—have a debate but make sure it is an informed one.
  • The full-time enlistments data for each year from 1975 to 1998 were measured graphically from Joan Beaumont, Australian defence: sources and statistics Volume VI, Figure 6.3, Permanent ADF Enlistments and Separations, page 252.
  • The full-time enlistments data for each year from 1996 to 2017 were sourced from published Defence annual reports obtained from the Department of Defence website.
  • Australian Bureau of Statistics mortality rates are used. Numbers are calculated by amalgamating successive years of recruits from 1945 onwards and amortising the resulting population by single year age for each year.

8 Includes all living persons who have ever served as a Reservist in the ADF with neither continuous full-time nor qualifying service.

9 The growth in MRCA clients and the expansion of benefits to the widest possible number of (ex-)service ADF personnel necessitated redefinition of the total to include those who were not otherwise eligible under the VEA. This figure includes all living persons who have ever served in the ADF either full time or as Reservists.

Benefit recipients

Table A3: Summary of benefit recipient numbers by type of benefit June 2015 to June 2020

At 30 June 2015

At 30 June 2016

At 30 June 2017

At 30 June 2018

At 30 June 2019

At 30 June 2020

Treatment population

208,181

200,245

193,968

190,967

207,160

250,611

Gold Card

153,033

143,635

135,263

128,517

122,536

117,072

White Card

55,148

56,610

58,705

62,450

84,624

133,539

VEA pension and allowances

Service pension includes

126,647

118,174

106,970

99,939

94,029

88,764

  • veterans

66,016

61,504

55,641

52,011

48,958

46,244

  • partners

60,631

56,670

51,329

47,928

45,071

42,520

Income support supplement

56,725

52,292

47,036

42,464

38,403

34,571

SSA age pension

3,658

3,538

3,380

3,225

3,338

3,379

Veterans payment

n/a

n/a

n/a

134

470

709

Commonwealth Seniors Health Card

4,698

4,321

7,222

4,098

4,092

3,954

Disability pension

96,493

92,374

88,974

85,811

83,363

81,918

War widow/ers pension

75,536

69,960

64,500

59,001

53,899

49,000

POW recognition supplement1

387

299

217

165

131

107

Orphan’s pension

173

150

157

155

148

136

Attendant allowance

403

353

304

273

229

210

Rent assistance

15,639

14,694

13,580

12,683

12,256

11,480

Remote area allowance

741

697

648

648

578

522

Decoration allowance

378

328

289

261

233

219

Recreation transport allowance

1,087

936

802

716

622

551

Vehicle Assistance Scheme

43

48

52

43

44

49

Funeral benefit

5,211

4,709

4,175

3,704

3,302

3,296

Veterans’ Children Education Scheme

2,331

2,288

2,243

2,229

2,106

2,073

Clothing allowance

449

398

348

322

286

265

Military compensation payments

Permanent impairment (DRCA)2

12,516

12,852

13,400

14,150

15,116

16,181

Permanent impairment (MRCA)2

6,021

7,659

9,544

12,414

16,021

22,564

Incapacity (DRCA)

1,807

1,777

1,792

1,874

1,920

2,305

Incapacity (MRCA)

2,484

2,689

3,218

3,893

4,717

5,913

Wholly dependant partner (MRCA)2

86

91

105

124

150

168

Eligible young person (MRCA)2

91

97

114

128

144

168

MRCA Education and Training Scheme

153

203

246

390

751

1,103

Defence Service Homes

Homes insured

62,127

58,825

55,838

53,641

52,243

51,415

Housing loan subsidies

10,296

8,322

6,669

4,960

3,925

3,173

DRCA = Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation (Defence-related Claims) Act 1988 (previously the Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988); MRCA = Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004; POW = prisoner of war; SSA = Social Security Act 1991; VEA = Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986

1 POW Recognition Supplement is a payment that provides special recognition of surviving former Australian prisoners of war, both veteran and civilian. The payment commenced in September 2011.

2 Clients receiving a commuted or periodic (MRCA only) payment.

Veterans with accepted disability

Table A4: Number of veterans with accepted disability by Act 2014-15 to 2019-20

At 30 June 2015

At 30 June 2016

At 30 June 2017

At 30 June 2018

At 30 June 2019

At 30 June 2020

VEA

100,135

95,983

92,328

89,452

86,565

84,935

DRCA

50,689

51,320

51,956

52,528

54,181

56,279

MRCA

19,538

22,305

25,551

29,577

36,827

43,116

DRCA = Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation (Defence-related Claims) Act 1988 (previously the Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988); MRCA = Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004; VEA = Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986

Claims, service and liability provision statistics

Tables A5 to A11 provide an overview of the claims processed under the Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986, the Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation (Defence-related Claims) Act 1988 (DRCA) and the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 (MRCA) in 2019–20.

Veterans’ Entitlement Act

Claims processed
Table A5: VEA claims processed, 2018–19 and 2019–20

2018–19

2019–20

Income support new claims

10,863

24,995

Pensioner-initiated reviews

58,268

52,945

Funeral benefit claims

3,837

3,829

VEA = Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986

Compensation claims
Table A6: VEA compensation claims, 2018–19 and 2019–20

2018–19

2019–20

Disability support

Primary disability gross claims received1

19,859

19,563

Net claims received2

10,748

9,411

Conditions determined3

15,858

17,517

Proportion of conditions accepted

55.8%

62.6%

Applications for increases in disability pension determined

1,489

1,870

Proportion of increases in disability pension accepted

75.2%

72.3%

Cases on hand at 30 June4

4,640

5,662

War widow/ers and dependants

Gross claims received

1,111

846

Net claims received5

1,003

815

Claims determined

982

721

Proportion of claims accepted

64.1%

61.7%

Cases on hand at 30 June4

104

117

VEA = Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986

1 Includes applications for disability pensions, applications for increases in disability pensions and assessments/reviews.

2 Net claims does not include claims that have been withdrawn. A claim can be withdrawn for a number of reasons. Most commonly, this occurs when DVA combines multiple claims that are lodged online on the same day by the same claimant into a single claim with multiple conditions, with the consent of the claimant.

3 While a claim can be lodged with one or more conditions, each condition is determined separately.

4 Includes cases both in progress and not yet commenced.

5 This is different from claims received as withdrawn cases are excluded (for example, automatic entitlement case).

Top 15 claimed conditions
Table A7: Top 15 claimed conditions under the VEA (based on Statements of Principles), 2019–20

Condition

Number accepted

Acceptance rate (%)

Number not accepted

Total

Osteoarthritis

1,580

64.8

860

2,440

Tinnitus

1,505

79.7

383

1,888

Sensorineural hearing loss

1,453

81.4

333

1,786

Lumbar spondylosis

749

65.3

398

1,147

Posttraumatic stress disorder

537

73.8

191

728

Depressive disorder

450

63.0

264

714

Sprain and strain

403

59.8

271

674

Non-melanotic malignant neoplasm of the skin

509

81.8

113

622

Solar keratosis

500

83.3

100

600

Alcohol use disorder

310

67.4

150

460

Cervical spondylosis

85

20.7

325

410

Rotator cuff syndrome

101

26.4

281

382

Fracture

212

67.1

104

316

Anxiety disorder

126

56.8

96

222

Erectile dysfunction

128

59.5

87

215

Total

8,648

68.6

3,956

12,604

VEA = Veterans’ Entitlements Act 1986

Note: In determining the majority of liability cases, DVA refers to the Repatriation Medical Authority Statements of Principles (SOPs). The 15 most frequently used SOPs covered 72 per cent of the conditions determined under the VEA in 2019–20.

Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation (Defence-related Claims) Act

DRCA claims
Table A8: DRCA claims, 2018–19 and 2019–20

2018–19

2019–20

Liability

Gross claims received

16,0011

16,990

Net claims received2

7,6421

8,418

Conditions determined3

9,587

14,472

Proportion of conditions accepted

75.9%

65.9%

Cases on hand at 30 June4

3,897

5,421

Permanent impairment

Gross claims received

11,494

14,314

Net claims received5

9,755

12,020

Claims determined

7,238

9,012

Proportion of claims accepted

38.8%

36.9%

One-off lump-sum payments

2,927

3,533

Cases on hand at 30 June4

3,875

6,883

Incapacity compensation

Compensation paid

$93.1 million

$146.7 million

Payees

2,331

2,588

Compensation for dependants

Compensation paid

$31.4 million

$21.8 million

Payees

117

93

DRCA = Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation (Defence-related Claims) Act 1988

1 Includes sequela claims, which are new conditions that arise out of the effects of an accepted condition. The figures for both gross and net claims received in 2018–19 have been revised to include 159 sequela claims.

2 Net claims does not include claims that have been withdrawn. A claim can be withdrawn for a number of reasons. Most commonly, this occurs when DVA combines multiple claims that are lodged online on the same day by the same claimant into a single claim with multiple conditions, with the consent of the claimant.

3 While a claim can be lodged with one or more conditions, each condition is determined separately.

4 Includes cases both in progress and not yet commenced.

5 This is different from claims received as it represents a correction of a system issue which incorrectly registered permanent impairment claims prior to the liability determination.

Top 15 most frequently claimed conditions
Table A9: Top 15 most frequently claimed conditions under the DRCA, 2019–20

Condition

Number accepted

Acceptance rate (%)

Number not accepted

Total

Osteoarthritis

1,339

82.7

281

1,620

Tinnitus

1,190

99.2

9

1,199

Sensorineural hearing loss

1,144

99.3

8

1,152

Sprain and strain

879

94.2

54

933

Lumbar spondylosis

574

82.4

123

697

Posttraumatic stress disorder

346

81.0

81

427

Non-melanotic malignant neoplasm of the skin

355

83.3

71

426

Cervical spondylosis

363

86.2

58

421

Depressive disorder

293

71.8

115

408

Fracture

290

81.5

66

356

Solar keratosis

279

91.5

26

305

Rotator cuff syndrome

160

59.9

107

267

Alcohol use disorder

128

53.8

110

238

Anxiety disorder

115

76.2

36

151

Thoracic spondylosis

112

83.0

23

135

Total

7,567

86.6

1,168

8,735

DRCA = Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation (Defence-related Claims) Act 1988

Note: The 15 conditions most frequently claimed covered 60.4 per cent of the conditions determined under the DRCA in 2019–20.

Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act

MRCA claims
Table A10: MRCA claims, 2018–19 and 2019–20

2018–19

2019–20

Liability

Gross claims received

29,777

42,293

Net claims received1

21,977

33,784

Conditions determined2

37,977

36,262

Proportion of conditions accepted

84.1%

85.8%

Cases on hand at 30 June3

7,307

21,944

Permanent impairment

Gross claims received

14,354

12,052

Net claims received4

12,764

9,974

Claims determined

8,833

11,324

Proportion of claims accepted

64.9%

83.3%

One-off lump-sum payments

5,993

6,766

Cases on hand at 30 June3

5,673

4,323

Incapacity compensation

Compensation paid

$201.6 million

$321.2 million

Payees

6,185

7,395

Compensation for dependants

Compensation paid

$67.7 million

$83.1 million

Payees

327

227

MRCA = Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004

1 Net claims does not include claims that have been withdrawn. A claim can be withdrawn for a number of reasons. Most commonly, this occurs when DVA combines multiple claims that are lodged online on the same day by the same claimant into a single claim with multiple conditions, with the consent of the claimant.

2 While a claim can be lodged with one or more conditions, each condition is determined separately.

3 Includes cases both in progress and not yet commenced.

4 This is different from claims received as it represents a correction of a system issue which incorrectly registered permanent impairment claims prior to the liability determination.

Top 15 most frequently claimed conditions
Table A11: Top 15 most frequently claimed conditions under the MRCA (based on Statements of Principles), 2019–20

Condition

Number accepted

Acceptance rate (%)

Number not accepted

Total

Tinnitus

5,935

98.5

92

6,027

Sprain and strain

2,975

97.4

79

3,054

Osteoarthritis

2,323

90.1

255

2,578

Sensorineural hearing loss

2,458

96.3

95

2,553

Lumbar spondylosis

1,594

94.6

91

1,685

Rotator cuff syndrome

1,298

97.5

33

1,331

Depressive disorder

1,122

87.7

158

1,280

Posttraumatic stress disorder

849

84.8

152

1,001

Fracture

926

95.0

49

975

Alcohol use disorder

552

88.2

74

626

Shin splints

589

98.0

12

601

Chondromalacia patella

535

94.0

34

569

Erectile dysfunction

475

87.8

66

541

Cervical spondylosis

329

62.7

196

525

Anxiety disorder

429

89.6

50

479

Total

22,389

94.0

1,436

23,825

MRCA = Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004

Note: In determining the majority of liability cases, DVA refers to the Repatriation Medical Authority Statements of Principles (SOPs). The 15 most frequently used SOPs covered 65.7 per cent of the conditions determined under the MRCA in 2019–20.

Repatriation Transport Scheme

Table A12: Claims for reimbursement and arranged transport, 2015–16 to 2019–20

2015–16

2016–17

2017–18

2018–19

2019–20

Claims for reimbursement

146,357

143,256

168,970

174,943

156,202

Arranged transport trips

1,211,805

1,323,956

1,301,691

1,210,032

1,046,071

Adjustments to the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act liability provisions

Tables A13 and A14 show the movement in the long-term liability for income support and compensation and health and other care services under the DRCA and MRCA over the past two years, based on the advice of the Australian Government Actuary. The movement is recognised as an expense in DVA’s financial statements. Due to the nature of the liability provision, significant adjustments can occur between years.

Table A13: Movement in DRCA and MRCA liability under outcome 1, 2018–19 and 2019–20

2018–19

2019–20

DRCA ($m)

MRCA ($m)

Total ($m)

DRCA ($m)

MRCA ($m)

Total ($m)

Changes in valuation assumptions

552.4

3,186.9

3,739.3

1,553.6

2,078.6

3,632.2

Movements in income support and compensation payments

–158.6

551.0

392.4

–246.7

1,084.3

837.6

Interest rate

345.7

1,615.4

1,961.1

158.6

535.2

693.8

Total expenses

739.5

5,353.3

6,092.8

1,465.5

3,698.1

5,163.6

Table A14: Movement in DRCA and MRCA liability under outcome 2, 2018–19 and 2019–20

2018–19

2019–20

DRCA ($m)

MRCA ($m)

Total ($m)

DRCA ($m)

MRCA ($m)

Total ($m)

Changes in valuation assumptions

58.9

1,412.6

1,471.5

–208.5

3,632.3

3,423.8

Movements in health and other care services

–26.1

534.8

508.7

–29.7

1,770.4

1,740.7

Interest rate

226.9

1,748.6

1,975.5

42.7

446.2

488.9

Total expenses

259.7

3,696.0

3,995.7

–195.5

5,848.9

5,653.4